Exoplanet Janssen

An exoplanet is located in the planetary system of the sun-like star 55 Cancer A in the double system 55 Cancer (HD 75732).

The exoplanet orbits the sun-like star.
The planet is very close to its star, and always faces one side of it. The period of orbit around the star is 17 hours.

The surface temperature reaches 2400°, causing the side facing the star to be a molten surface.

How to find the brightest star in the sky?

Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky. Although its luminosity is 25 times the luminosity of the Sun, it is by no means a record in the world of stars. High apparent brilliance of Sirius is due to its relative proximity.

Sirius can be seen from any region of the Earth, except for the most northern regions. Sirius is 8.6 solar years away from the solar system and is one of the closest stars to us.

Atmospheric phenomenon on the planet Saturn

Giant hexagon is a phenomenon with no scientific explanation to date. It is a geometrically correct hexagon with a cross section of 25 thousand kilometers, located at the north pole of Saturn.

Apparently, the hexagon is a vortex. Straight "walls" of the vortex go deep into the atmosphere at a distance of up to 100 kilometers. When studying the vortex in the infrared, bright areas are observed, which are giant gaps in the cloud system.

Is it possible to fly into space in an airplane?

The fundamental difference between an airplane and a rocket is the engine. The jet engine (air-jet engine of an airplane), in airless space (or in very rarefied layers) will suffocate, because it needs to consume oxygen, for the fuel combustion process.

In a rocket engine, there are fueled chemical mixtures that cause the fuel to burn, so it does not need to draw oxygen from the atmosphere.

Otherwise, it's not about first space speed, it's about the fact that in order for an airplane to fly into space, it must become a rocket, or its engines will stop working.

How are interstellar distances measured?

To measure enormous distances, astronomers are aided by the method of triangulation, widely used in ordinary Earth geodesy. We choose a segment of known length, measure from its ends the angles under which the inaccessible point is seen, and then simple trigonometric formulas give the desired distance.

This was the easiest and most accessible way to calculate the cosmic distance 🌠

Why does the Moon "follow" us when we drive?

As we rush down the road, we notice how everything flies past us in the opposite direction: trees, houses, fences, the road. And from the Moon, too, we expect it to fly past us, or at least go backwards the farther forward we go. When it doesn't, we feel as if it is "following" us.

The Moon may not seem to be very far away from us, but the average distance from it to Earth is 384,400 km. This enormous distance explains why, when we drive a car and look at the Moon, it seems as if it is following us.

Compared to the distance our car travels in a few minutes, this distance is enormous. So as we drive, the angle at which we see the moon remains virtually unchanged. And while everything flies past us, there is a sense that the Moon is "following" us.

One of the most interesting and well-known variable stars in the constellation of Aquarius is R Aquarii.

Its variability was discovered by Karl Ludwig Harding in 1765-1834.

Harding originally searched for the "missing" planet between Mars and Jupiter as part of the Celestial Police Project.

How to distinguish a meteorite from terrestrial geological objects?

In fact, only an expert in the field can reliably distinguish a meteorite fragment. However, there are general recommendations that will help you get if there is a chance that you hold a meteorite in your hands:

- the edges of the meteorite are melted (due to heating after passing through the Earth's atmosphere);
- the meteorite has magnetic properties (if you put a strong magnet to it, it will be magnetized);
- the meteorite is heavy (a similar-sized stone will weigh much less);
- it shows peculiar "fingerprints", as if left by hands on plasticine;

The list of these signs will allow you to make at least a preliminary assessment.

A clear example of how planets move

The time it takes the planets to make a complete revolution around the Sun is naturally different.

Mercury, the closest to the star, has 88 Earth days. Our Earth completes the cycle in 365 days and 6 hours.

And the largest planet in the solar system, Jupiter completes its rotation in 11.9 Earth years. And Pluto, the most distant planet from the Sun, has a revolution of 247.7 years.

Photos of Pluto 24 years apart

The photo on the left was taken in 2018 by the New Horizons spacecraft less than 1 million km from the planet's surface.

The photo on the right was taken in 1994 by the Hubble telescope, from a distance of 5.7 billion km.

The Abyss of Jupiter

See that black spot on Jupiter? No one can yet give a definitive answer as to what it is.

During a recent flyby of NASA's Juno robotic spacecraft near Jupiter, images were obtained of an unusually dark cloud that has been informally named "Abyss."

The surrounding clouds show that Abyss is the center of the maelstrom. The dark details in Jupiter's atmosphere are deeper than the light details, so the Abyss may indeed be a deep hole, as evidenced by its appearance.

The Abyss is surrounded by a complex of whirlwinds and swirling hurricanes, with tall light clouds on top.

What are Saturn's rings made of?

The size of particles in Saturn's rings is from micrometers to centimeters.

The composition of the main rings: water ice (about 99%) with admixtures of silicate dust.

The thickness of the rings is extremely small compared to their width (from 7 to 80 thousand kilometers above Saturn's equator) and ranges from one kilometer to ten meters.

The total mass of debris material in the ring system is estimated at 3 × 1019 kilograms.

Astronauts eat not only from tubes

Contrary to popular misconception, it is possible to eat fruit, berries and cakes in natural form in orbit. The official menu for astronauts consists of 250 items, and if a cargo ship goes to the ISS, they can order something fresh.

Conventional salt and pepper are not available for astronauts: if they salt or pepper a dish in zero gravity, the spices will fly around and get in their eyes. Therefore, liquid salt solution and condiments are used - mustard and ketchup are especially popular.

Where does the color of the Northern Lights come from?

The color of the aurora borealis is formed when solar wind particles hit the molecules of our air.

✔️The air is composed of nitrogen and oxygen. These molecules are excited and then instantly release the energy of the excitation in the form of radiation of a strictly defined wavelength.

If to look at the spectrum of the aurora borealis, you will see that the brightest bands in the visible part of the spectrum are green and red (both belong to oxygen). The red glow is formed at altitudes above 200 km, where the density of gas is lower.

And the green glow is formed closer to an altitude of 100 km, where the density of the gas is higher.

How might extraterrestrial civilizations see Earth?

To find out exactly what an outsider might see, scientists used about 10,000 images of our planet taken by NASA's DSCOVR satellite.

Then they scaled down several times to simulate the distance of several light years. On the resulting image, they highlighted the parameters that most characterize the most prominent parts of the Earth.

As a result, the image produced a two-dimensional map of the Earth's surface, reconstructed from light curve readings without any assumptions about its spectral properties.

Tears never flow in zero gravity💦

Nothing pulls them down your cheek and chin. If they are not removed, it will just be a gradually growing bubble of brackish water.

This bubble will be held on the eye and skin by surface tension.

The quest is called "find Saturn"😉

On April 1, 2022, a rare astronomical phenomenon could be observed early in the morning on the east coast of the United States:
Saturn's passage across the Sun's disk.

Quasars emit 100 times more energy than the sum of all the luminaries in our galaxy

Initially, it was assumed that all pseudostars are powerful sources of radio emission.

But by 2004 it became known that there are very few of them, about 10%, while the rest are considered to be radio-quiet.

Hoag's Object

This is a galaxy that is a nearly perfect ring of hot blue stars around a yellow core.

The entire galaxy is about 120,000 light-years wide, slightly larger than the Milky Way.

The blue ring, in which most of it is devoted to clusters of young, large stars, creates a sharp contrast with the yellow core.

Can human blood boil in outer space?

Any liquid has a direct relationship to ambient pressure. The higher the pressure, the higher the boiling point, and vice versa.

📌 The problem is that while a liquid boil in space, blood will not. Fluids like saliva in the mouth will boil.

However, blood, unlike saliva, is in a closed system, and your veins will hold it under pressure in a liquid state. Even if you are in a complete vacuum, the fact that the blood is closed in the system means that it won't turn into gas and escape.